Husks (husk) - outside the shell plant seeds. The best known is the husks received when shelling seeds of sunflower, rice, buckwheat. It has various applications in agriculture as an additive in animal feed, as a component in the manufacture of substrate for mushrooms cultivation, in hydrolysis industries for production of alcohols and fodder yeast. But the most widespread husks received as a raw material for the production of solid fuel - pellets and briquettes. Most often husk is a waste of oil-extracting production. Fat-and-oil industry of Russia has about 70 large specialized enterprises and more than 1,000 small industries. With the increase of vegetable oil production, increases the amount of waste generated, and both in absolute terms and in relative (small enterprises often make use of inefficient equipment with low specific output oils). As a result, in Russia annually produces up to 400 thousand tons of husk according to some sources. Husk is formed mainly in the southern regions of the country, where there is less need for energy for heating. It has a very low bulk density, so move it over long distances in the initial form of the economically meaningless, and it needs to dispose. For these reasons, it is expedient to make the husk pellets and briquettes in the southern regions of Russia with further sale in Europe on a large-scale specialized power plant.
Sawdust, wood chips, waste of plywood production, slabs, rods, trimmings, balance sheets, bark.
1. What today represent a wood waste for the majority of timber processing enterprises?
1.1. This is the main type of products, because usually more than 50% of the initial quantity of raw materials goes in the waste.
Peat is money. Under your feet. A Lot Of. It Very Much!
Peat - fuel minerals, formed in the process of dying and incomplete decomposition of marsh plants in humidity conditions and limited access of air.
Straw - dry stems of plants, as a rule, exempt from the leaves, flowers and seeds. Straw for transportation, storage and further use is pressed by special machines in rolls or bales. By sustenance it’s considerably inferior to the hay.
Lignin is a complex organic natural polymer, in the base of the lignin formula is the benzene ring. Lignin is located in the outer layers of the cell membranes of the wood mainly. This fact explains its name, from the Latin Lignum - tree wood. Deposition of lignin in the cell walls of plants leads to an increase in their strength and lignifications. Lignin is an amorphous substance of yellow-brown color; insoluble in water and organic solvents.
If we consider the grass as raw materials for the production of feed of farm animals, the grass is a mass of freshly cut stems, leaves and buds herbal plants. In this connection mown grass in agriculture is often called the mass of green.
Sapropel - muddy humus deposits of plant and animal origin at the bottom of the closed freshwater (marshes, lakes), containing a large amount of organic substances in a colloidal state.
